المادة المظلمة تهتز: كيف نستمع إلى نغمتها الكونية سريع

الملخص الأصلي

كما كتبه المؤلفون، بالإنجليزية arXiv:2606.03478

Ultralight dark matter (ULDM) coupled to the Standard Model may effectively induce coherent oscillations of fundamental constants and thereby generate narrow-band signals in precision interferometric experiments. Here we present a systematic study of how these oscillations leave distinctive imprints on space-based laser interferometers, including LISA and Taiji. Starting from the one-way inter-spacecraft link observables, we analyze several instrument-level effects induced by ULDM, including composition-dependent acceleration of test masses, laser-frequency variations associated with cavity-length modulation, refractive-index effects, and clock-related contributions. We then propagate these signals through the standard data processing chain, including time-delay interferometry and clock-noise elimination. We show that the observability of an ULDM-induced effect is determined by the structure of its single-link response. In particular, the ULDM-driven variation in laser frequency appears in the raw link observable with the same form as laser phase noise. As a consequence, it is strongly suppressed in the final interferometry channels. In contrast, signals that possess an explicit directional pattern are not eliminated by this procedure, such as the ULDM-induced oscillations of the test masses. We further construct a local observable that isolates the differential motion between the test mass and the optical bench, and derive its sensitivity to both the dilaton--gluon coupling $$d_g$$ and the dilaton--electron coupling $$d_e$$ for LISA, Taiji, and BBO. We find that the local observable yields sensitivities comparable to the standard Michelson interferometer for $$d_g$$, but better than Michelson channel by three orders of magnitude for $$d_e$$.