Optics2026-01-161 minarXiv:2601.11733expressCounting Heat One by OneA thermal imager typically works like a thermometer with a sensor array: it measures how much each pixel heats up and turns that into a picture. But this method has a limit — the device's own noise obscures faint heat.Mohamed A. Mousa·Leif Bauer·Daien He·Sakshi Gupta·Shubhankar Jape·Utkarsh Singh·Bhagwati Prasad·Partha P. Mukherjee·Angshuman Deka·Zubin JacobArno PenziasJacob BekensteinLudwig Boltzmanntemperatureinterferometerheat capacityspectrometerphotometry👍👎☆SimplePopularAdvanced