How Galaxies 'Simmered' Metals in the Cosmic Noon Era ⚡ экспресс
Original: "The AURORA Survey: The Mass -- Metallicity and Fundamental Metallicity Relations at $$z \sim 2.3$$ Based Purely on Direct $$T_e$$ Metallicities"
The James Webb Telescope revealed that galaxies 10 billion years ago enriched themselves with elements by the same rules as they do today.
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Ten billion years ago, galaxies were already simmering their stellar soup. The James Webb Telescope peeked into the 'kitchens' of that era and found that the recipe for metal enrichment has barely changed across almost the entire history of the universe. It seems the secret ingredient — mass — works everywhere, every time.
🎯 The oxygen in our breath was once hurled out by an exploding massive star — we inhale the ashes of supernovae.
12+\log(\mathrm{O}/\mathrm{H}) \approx 0.27 \cdot (\log_{10}(M/M_\odot) - 10) + 8.44
Here O/H is the oxygen-to-hydrogen ratio, M is the galaxy's mass in solar masses. This formula describes how the oxygen abundance varies among galaxies roughly 10 billion years ago.