A radio transmitter with multiple antennas is like a bathtub with water pouring from several faucets. If the streams splash in different directions or at different pressures, some water goes down the drain — similarly, the signal scatters before reaching the receiver. To channel the flows into one stream, engineers install matching circuits — simple sets of coils and capacitors that act like a system of valves in pipes. They make the antennas work together, without loss.

Scientists turned the tuning into a mathematical puzzle: how to squeeze a channel's information capacity to the last drop using standard components. The method works like a step-by-step valve adjustment: first rough, then finer, until all streams merge into one powerful beam. The unexpected result: you don't need super-precise components. Ordinary antennas with factory parameter variations, after such calibration, reached speeds previously only achievable by lab-grade standards. This promises fast communication in everyday devices without a price hike.