Quantum Leap to Calm ⚡ экспресс
The Mpemba effect — where hot cools faster than cold — is also observed in quantum systems: some nonequilibrium states reach equilibrium faster. Researchers applied maximum entropy growth thermodynamics to an isolated three-level system, simplifying it using Feshbach projection. The key relaxation parameter was found using machine learning. Thus, a model was built that thermodynamically explains the quantum Mpemba effect. This shows how complex quantum processes can be described by simple patterns.
In the quantum world, the path to calm sometimes resembles a paradoxical race: starting further from the finish, the system reaches equilibrium faster. This effect, a quantum analog of the Mpemba phenomenon, is due to the rapid growth of entropy — a measure of disorder. A strong push at the start seems to trigger an avalanche of changes that accelerates settling.
Scientists built a model based on the principle of maximum entropy growth, tracing back to Ludwig Boltzmann. By compressing the description from four to three dimensions, they achieved agreement with a laboratory three-level system. Machine learning revealed the key parameter governing the decay rate. Thus, a precise formula for the quantum 'shake' emerged.
This is not just theory: qubits will be able to reach the desired state faster after a short excitation. This engineering trick will shorten waiting times in future devices.
🎯 Aristotle described the rapid freezing of heated water, but the effect was named after Tanzanian schoolboy Erasto Mpemba: in 1963, he noticed that hot ice cream freezes faster.