Climate forecasting is like a complex recipe: one wrong pinch and the whole dish is ruined. So it is with clouds — small but decisive. Climate models divide the sky into 50–100 km cells and don't see individual clouds. It's like throwing pepper by the handful when the recipe calls for a pinch.

Scientists trained a neural network on detailed calculations where clouds are visible down to the smallest details. It learned to predict the part of solar heat that depends on clouds. Cloud-free skies are still computed with physics — so the method doesn't become outdated at any level of CO₂ and solar activity. Errors shrank by a factor of 4–10.

An unexpected twist: the neural network never actually sees the clouds. It works with large cells but captures their hidden influence. A microscopic detail governs the global picture.