Monopoles on Strings: A New Source of Gravitational Waves ✎ express

Original: "Magnetic monopoles and high frequency gravitational waves from quasi-stable strings"
· Rinku Maji, Qaisar Shafi
arXiv:2603.02996 · 2026-03-03 · arXiv non-exclusive · independent analysis · 1 min
A new scenario predicts the birth of magnetic monopoles on cosmic strings, whose snapping can be 'heard' by gravitational wave detectors.

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According to theories beyond the Standard Model, in the first moments after the Big Bang, pairs of magnetic monopoles — particles with a single magnetic pole — were born. They ended up at the ends of a cosmic string — a thread of pure energy. This string acts like a taut rubber band: one end pulls a 'north' monopole, the other a 'south' monopole. A single monopole weighs as much as billions of protons but fits within a volume smaller than an atomic nucleus. / Over time, the string contracts, bringing the monopoles closer together. Upon merging, they cause the string to snap, and ripples spread through the fabric of spacetime — gravitational waves. Their frequency lies in the audible range: from a low hum to a piercing screech. Detectors on Earth can catch this signal. Detecting such waves would prove the existence of monopoles and strings — a step toward understanding the birth of the Universe.

Flying through a detector, a monopole would cause an electrical surge billions of times stronger than any known particle — thanks to its colossal magnetic strength.

Scientists
Albert EinsteinBarry BarishKip ThorneRichard FeynmanRussell HulseShuji Nakamura
Concepts
magnetic monopole cosmic string gravitational waves magnetic charge continuous gravitational wave moiré pattern effects moire pattern magnetism magnetar glitch cosmic string standing wave triplet superconductivity topological superconductivity grand unified theory dilaton magnetic soliton direct waves