High Energy2026-05-072 minarXiv:2605.07027expressNuclear Reaction Draws the Line for Black HolesGravitational waves — ripples in spacetime predicted by Einstein — have exposed an abyss: black holes with masses between 60 and 120 solar masses are almost never born.Akram Mukhamedzhanovtriple-alpha process (Hoyle process)Chandrasekhar limitFred HoyleSubrahmanyan ChandrasekharAdam Riessstellar evolutionneutron star mergersupernovastar formationnucleosynthesis👍👎☆SimplePopularAdvanced