Hot Cools Faster: The Quantum Mpemba Effect express

Original: "Experimental observation and application of the genuine Quantum Mpemba Effect"
arXiv:2511.14552 · 2025-11-18 · CC BY 4.0 · 1 min
A quantum paradox: the farther from equilibrium, the faster the system returns to it.

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The Mpemba paradox, hot water sometimes freezes faster than cold, has gained a quantum sequel. In the microworld, a particle pushed farther from the finish line gets there first. Experimenters demonstrated this on a single spin: like a racer, they pushed it farther from equilibrium, and it reached it faster than after a weak nudge.

The key is entropy, the measure of chaos. In quantum reality, greater disorder accelerates the march toward order. The irony is that the classical Mpemba effect is a capricious rarity, while its quantum counterpart is stable and predictable.

Engineers harnessed this trick: they embedded it into a micro-fridge and dramatically boosted its cooling capacity.

Such devices will help cool qubits in quantum computers to ultralow temperatures, making their operation error-free.

Although the Mpemba effect in a glass of water is not always observed and still sparks debate, its quantum sibling turned out to be more reliable and predictable.

Scientists
Ludwig BoltzmannRudolf ClausiusJacob BekensteinStephen HawkingJames Clerk MaxwellEdward Witten
Concepts
quantum mpemba effect quantum freezing phenomena thermal equilibrium effective temperature cooling thermal state thermoelectric device memory effect feedback heat engine thermalization ensemble temperature heat capacity memory quasiparticle condensate complementarity principle refrigerator cryogenic microwave measurement