Philip F. Hopkins

A computer model revealed that the gamma-ray bubbles at the Galaxy’s center are not the result of a black hole, but of vigorous stellar life. Like a boiling pot, massive star explosions hurl out particles that shine in gamma rays. The finding explained the Fermi telescope’s riddle and showed where t

Researchers found: the thicker the disk around a black hole, the rarer objects collide. Magnetic fields puffing up the disk can cut merger rates by billions of times. Astrophysicists must rethink gravitational wave forecasts.