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Time is not a river, but a one-way street ⚡ экспресс

Original: "Constraints on Reversing the Thermodynamic Arrow of Time from Black Hole Thermodynamics, Wormholes, and Time-Symmetric Quantum Mechanics"
· Kevin Song, John Zhang
arXiv:2512.03380 · 2025-12-03 · CC BY · ⏱ 1 min · General Relativity
Scientists have shown that even black holes and wormholes cannot reverse the flow of time.
Abstract

Can the thermodynamic arrow of time in a single universe temporarily reverse in semiclassical gravity? In a unified spacetime where quantum field theory meets classical general relativity, black holes, traversable wormholes, and retrocausal formalisms (absorber, two-vector) create the appearance of exporting entropy. By distinguishing types of gravitational entropy and introducing a cosmological coarse-grained measure, these processes are analyzed on an information-theoretic basis. Within "Global Entropy Transport" (GET), a sectoral inequality is derived: the net decrease in matter-radiation entropy is bounded above by changes in horizon area and mutual information under a generalized second law, focusing conditions, and energy conditions. The bottom line: black holes, wormholes, and retrocausal protocols merely redistribute entropy, locally altering production but never reversing the universal thermodynamic arrow in a connected universe.

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Time is a one-way road: events race forward with no U-turn allowed. The arrow of direction is governed by entropy — a measure of disorder, which only grows in the Universe, like a traffic jam at rush hour. You can clear one intersection, but the overall congestion only gets worse.

Even the wildest “detours” — black holes and wormholes in curved spacetime — won’t let you drive the wrong way. Scientists applied the method of global entropy accounting (Global Entropy Transport) and proved: these objects just shuffle disorder from one pocket to another, like tidying one closet but leaving the whole house a mess, while the total chaos in the Universe keeps growing.

You can clean up one corner, but the whole house gets cluttered relentlessly.

The striking conclusion: the entropy of a typical black hole is billions of times greater than that of an ordinary star — these monsters are veritable warehouses of disorder. The arrow of time is as solid as asphalt: even fanciful wormholes can’t make it show the way to the past.

🎯 The entropy of a black hole depends on the area of its surface (event horizon), not its volume — this discovery by [scientist:Jacob Bekenstein]Jacob Bekenstein[/scientist] gave rise to the idea of a holographic Universe.

🎬 In Greg Egan’s novel ‘Schild’s Ladder,’ the characters try to cheat thermodynamics, but the arrow of time remains relentless.

Scientists
Stephen HawkingJacob BekensteinAlbert EinsteinFritz ZwickyVera RubinBernhard Riemann
Tags
entropy black hole spacetime curvature
Laws
second law of thermodynamicsHawking radiationgravitational lensingBekenstein-Hawking entropyEinstein field equationsBoltzmann distribution
Original: arXiv:2512.03380 · CC BY · bridge42worlds