How a Swallowed Planet Spun Up a Star express

Original: "Eating planets makes you younger: The magnetic dynamo rejuvenation of GJ 504 by planetary engulfment"
arXiv:2602.22979 · 2026-02-26 · CC BY 4.0 · 1 min
A gas giant that fell into a star made it spin with youthful speed.

The star GJ 504, a twin of our Sun in age, behaves like a true figure skater: it completes a rotation in 3.4 days, shining with X-ray light. Usually, stars of the Sun's age spin sluggishly, but this one seems to have received a cosmic doping.

The secret was revealed by modeling. Light analysis (spectroscopy) showed that normal braking by the stellar wind couldn't have slowed it down. The only explanation: in the past, the star swallowed a exoplanet the size of Jupiter. This 'dance partner' transferred its orbital momentum, and the star spun up like a figure skater after a lift. Without that, it would rotate lazily — a full revolution per month.

A similar 'dancer' has been found at HD 75332—it seems celestial choreography is more common than expected.

The star GJ 504 completes a full rotation in 3.4 days — seven times faster than our Sun.

Scientists
Christian DopplerD. B. McLaughlinDidier QuelozMichel MayorR. A. RossiterDavid Charbonneau
Concepts
jupiter mass young star jupiter mars exoplanets around red dwarfs red dwarf planets tidal migration sun like star magnetic dynamo stellar rotation stellar composition evolution europa brown dwarf desert dayside magnetosphere space weather planet protoplanetary disk winds planetary migration solar system