In a strong magnetic field, electrons in graphene move in strict orbits — an effect discovered by Lev Landau. Like musicians catching the rhythm, they line up. Resistance changes not smoothly but in clicks — so precise that it became the basis for a world standard.
However, electric repulsion between electrons creates interference, like the echo of drums drowning out the strings. Metal screens nearby act as acoustic partitions: they cancel this echo, and order recovers almost twice as fast. But the distance at which electrons 'hear' each other — a mysterious number around 2.4 — does not change. Its nature has eluded theory for decades, even as computer simulations consistently yield this value. The ability to finely shield opens the way to creating superconductors and systems where entropy and quantum thermodynamics acquire new dimensions.
The constant of about 2.4, which defines the range of electron influence, has baffled scientists for decades — the best theories give only approximate values.