Neurochips work differently from conventional computers, which are built according to the blueprints of von Neumann with separate memory and processor. At the core of these chips is a network of simple cells, similar to neurons, and, like water that evenly fills containers of any shape, they easily find a solution without unnecessary steps. The chip itself, like our brain, is built on carbon — the chemical basis of life.
Scientists tackled the task of cleaning a signal from interference. It's translated into the physical language of finding the minimum of entropy, i.e., the least disorder. They proposed two recipes: the first with a minimum of spin ingredients but tangled like spaghetti; the second with a larger number of spins but simple and short connections between them, like lines in a puff pastry recipe.
Testing on a real chip yielded an unexpected result: sometimes the second recipe, despite the abundance of ingredients, worked faster and more accurately. It all depends on how many connections the chip can engage at once — much like choosing flour for a specific oven. There's no perfect recipe, and only by trying both can you achieve the best signal recovery.
The brain consumes only 20 watts — the power of a small light bulb. Yet a supercomputer simulating it devours megawatts. Neurochips narrow this gap a thousandfold.