Spun to the Limit: Black Hole Bypasses Laws ⚡ экспресс
Within the framework of five-dimensional general relativity in a vacuum, numerical solutions have been found describing the formation of an extreme rotating black hole in finite time. This occurs both from an existing Schwarzschild (non-rotating) black hole and from initial data without any black hole. The discovery demonstrates the first violation of the third law of black hole mechanics (the ban on reaching extremality in finite time) in vacuum gravity, proving it false regardless of matter fields. This result—a gravitational analogue of reaching absolute zero in a finite number of steps—reshapes the foundations of black hole thermodynamics.
The third law of black hole mechanics, proposed by Stephen Hawking, forbids a hole from spinning up to its limit in finite time — much like a whirlpool would need an eternity to reach absolute speed. Yet numerical simulations in five dimensions break this rule.
Simulations showed that a non-rotating hole can accelerate to its extreme all by itself. Moreover, such a vortex can spring directly from empty space — with no initial matter at all. It's as if a perfect whirlpool were to suddenly appear in a calm ocean, flouting the laws of hydrodynamics. The discovery shakes the analogy between gravity and heat: rules once thought unshakable lose their grip in higher-dimensional worlds.
🎯 The third law of [tag:black_hole]black hole[/tag] mechanics was born from thermodynamics: there, absolute zero temperature is unreachable in a finite number of steps. For [tag:black_hole]black holes[/tag], extremal rotation corresponds to zero temperature. Now it turns out this threshold can be reached without a long buildup.