Why can't large objects be in two places at once? express

Original: "Nature abhors macroscopic superpositions"
· Filippus S. Roux
arXiv:2603.01811 · 2026-03-02 · CC BY 4.0 · 1 min
Scientists have found that self-gravity prevents large bodies from being in two states at once.

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Schrödinger's cat, according to quantum rules, can be both alive and dead at once. But a table can't pull that off. When a massive object tries to be in two places, its mass curves spacetime so drastically that instead of two points, a single deep depression forms, and the object rolls into it. It's like a heavy boulder on a mountain ridge: the faintest breeze, and it falls into a single valley.

For atoms, such curvature is negligible, but for large bodies it's an insurmountable obstacle. Most surprising: the farther apart you try to separate the copies of the object, the deeper the well becomes.

The effect works so reliably that even a speck of dust weighing a millionth of a gram loses its quantum uncertainty faster than you can blink.

This mechanism is strongest near black holes with their monstrous curvature and somewhat resembles gravitational waves, except here the energy goes into breaking the superposition. Perhaps gravity constantly 'observes' the world, preventing large objects from being in two places — an idea Roger Penrose worked on.

If such a mechanism operates everywhere, then even stars cannot remain in superposition for long, which explains the classical appearance of the Universe.

Original abstract

as written by the authors arXiv:2603.01811

Superpositions of mass distributions can potentially lead to entanglement with the geometry of spacetime. Here we show that there exists a natural reluctance for macroscopic mass distributions to form such superpositions. The macroscopic superposition is modeled as a Schr{\"o}dinger cat state. The reluctance manifests as a dip in the total energy of the Schr{\"o}dinger cat state as a function of the separation distance between the terms in the superposition. The dip in the energy provides an opposing force preventing the formation of the superposition. A generalization of this phenomenon addressing the measurement problem is also discussed.

Even a speck of dust weighing a millionth of a gram loses its ability to be in two places faster than you can sneeze.

In Greg Egan's novel 'Quarantine', quantum states control consciousness, but gravity sets a hard limit on such fantasies.

Scientists
David DeutschErwin SchrödingerJohn Stewart BellLouis de BroglieLov GroverPaul Benioff
Concepts
macroscopic superposition superposition schrodinger cat state schrodingers cat matter antimatter asymmetry quantum nature of gravity antibiotic resistance magnetic frustration gravitational decoherence Gause's competitive exclusion principle Schrödinger equation density contrast attraction repulsion mass distribution matter anti de sitter space Shelford's law of tolerance negative pressure disjunction effect