The Explosive Letter S: How a Dying Star Draws Loops in Space express

Original: "The precessing jet axis of the supernova remnant 3C 397"
arXiv:2603.21307 · 2026-03-22 · CC BY 4.0 · 1 min
In the supernova remnant 3C 397, a giant letter S was found — a trace of rotating jets.

In a gas cloud left after a star exploded (called a supernova remnant), astronomers noticed a giant glowing letter S. It was drawn by two jets of superheated material ejected during the cataclysm. These jets didn't just shoot straight out — they slowly spun like a top, which bent their path into curves. The process is similar to a garden sprinkler that rotates and draws zigzags with water, except the scale is billions of times larger and instead of water, it's plasma.

But what twisted these ejections? The most unexpected answer is cosmic cannibalism. One hypothesis suggests that a neutron star (the ultra-dense core of the dead star) tore apart a neighboring white dwarf, and as it devoured its matter, it spat out spinning jets. Another possibility: the explosion originated in a layer rich in helium and oxygen, and itself possessed rotation. Similar S-shaped figures are found in other supernova remnants — it seems such a curly flourish is left behind after many stellar deaths.

The speed of matter in such jets reaches 99% of the speed of light — nearly 300,000 km/s, but instead of a direct punch, they curve into elegant letters.

Scientists
Subrahmanyan ChandrasekharEnrico FermiAugustin-Louis CauchyChristiaan HuygensEmmy NoetherIsaac Newton
Concepts
supernova jets neutron star in supernova remnant progenitor m87 stellar remnant jet cassiopeia a crab nebula white dwarf stellar explosion relativistic jet formation quark core neutron star supernova remnant torus seyfert galaxy core collapse microquasar quark star