Fermions Won’t Perish at the End of the World ⚡ экспресс
How do quantum particles behave near cosmological singularities—the Big Bang, Big Rip, or Big Freeze? Analysis of the Dirac equation for spinor particles (fermions, such as electrons) showed that their wave functions remain finite, meaning fermions can "survive" the singularity. For scalar particles (bosons, like photons), this is impossible under any parametrization. Fermions, unlike bosons, seem to have a built-in protection mechanism—it’s like the difference between a nail and a glass marble under a press.
The end of the Universe isn’t just darkness. If dark energy tears it apart, or it crunches back into a point like a reverse Big Bang, we hit a singularity—the moment where physics as we know it breaks down. For ages, we thought everything vanishes in this cosmic cataclysm. But the equation derived by Paul Dirac in 1928 revealed: matter particles, fermions, are like seeds that don’t burn, while force carriers, bosons (like photons of light), are flames destined to fizzle out.
At the heart of the singularity, where spacetime curvature becomes infinite, Dirac’s equation yields finite, calm solutions for them. For bosons, there’s no such loophole. Researchers first spotted this escape hatch by linking Dirac’s ideas with Stephen Hawking’s work on black holes.
🎯 The Dirac equation, which predicted antimatter, now shows that matter is immortal on a cosmic scale—it will survive any catastrophe and be reborn.