Black Hole as a Cosmic Cooking Pot: New Theory Reveals Its 'Kitchen' Secrets express

Original: "On Thermodynamics of Charged Black Holes via Extended Space-time Derivatives"
· Adil Belhaj, Maryem Jemri
arXiv:2511.18407 · 2025-11-23 · CC BY 4.0 · 1 min
Physicists have discovered that black holes, like water in a pot, can boil, condense, and freeze — a finding that brings the world of gravity closer to ordinary matter.

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A black hole is not a bottomless funnel but a cosmic cooking pot. Inside it, matter obeys laws familiar to us from the behavior of water: under some conditions it resembles boiling steam, under others — a cooling liquid. Physicists added a tiny stringy “spring” to the calculations — a correction from string theory that distorts the rules at the smallest scale.

Modeling showed: just change the pressure, and the black hole changes its state abruptly — just like a kettle where water suddenly boils.

The transition is so abrupt that the black hole seems to 'snap' from one state of matter to another.

The groundwork for such comparisons was laid by Stephen Hawking and Jacob Bekenstein back in the 1970s, when they showed that black holes have temperature and entropy (a measure of internal disorder). The new theory turns a black hole into a laboratory for testing ideas about spacetime curvature. And at ultra-low temperatures, scientists suggest, it could even 'freeze' into a strange quantum state — a step towards unraveling how the very fabric of the cosmos is structured.

Black holes not only 'boil', but also slowly evaporate, losing mass through Hawking radiation — much like a puddle disappears in the sun, only on a cosmic scale.

Just like in sci-fi, where exotic matter is needed for wormholes, string corrections alter black hole properties, making their behavior surprisingly mundane.

Scientists
Stephen HawkingJacob BekensteinFritz ZwickyKarl SchwarzschildSubrahmanyan ChandrasekharRainer Weiss
Concepts
black hole thermodynamics tidal charge charged black hole kerr metric modified gravity singularities Penrose process schwarzschild metric wald entropy classical gravity no-hair theorem entropic shadow negative energy charge to mass ratio geodesic equation hawking area law Einstein field equations Bekenstein-Hawking entropy gravitational theory logarithmic correction gravastar