Paul H. Frampton

Astrons — hypothetical relics of the early Universe with a mass on the order of 10¹² solar masses and a gigantic electric charge — could explain dark energy. However, rigorous analysis crushes the simple hopes: ordinary accretion does not yield the required charge, and phenomenologically interesting

Bileptons — doubly-charged particles — are predicted by theories beyond the Standard Model. They give away a rare signal: four light particles (leptons) at once. New calculations show that the current collider is almost blind to them, but the future High-Luminosity LHC could discover them even if th

Colossal charged clumps from the early universe might have replaced dark energy, but calculations show the opposite. Plasma strips the charge, repulsion fades, and black holes become 'naked' — the simple model doesn't withstand scrutiny.