Quantum Secrets of Plants and Birds ✎ express

Original: "Quantum Biology, Quantum Simulation and Quantum Coherent Devices"
arXiv:2511.14363 · 2025-11-18 · arXiv non-exclusive · independent analysis · 1 min
Plants transfer energy with almost no loss, and birds see magnetic fields — all thanks to quantum effects.

Plants employ an army of perfect couriers to deliver energy. Each photon of sunlight is absorbed, and its energy is instantly, with almost no loss, transferred to reaction centers where nutrient synthesis occurs. The key mechanism is quantum coherence: the energy-courier does not follow a single classical path but simultaneously explores all possible routes, as if trying them all at once, and finds the shortest one. This phenomenon, known as quantum search, allows a leaf to process nearly 100% of captured energy, turning carbon dioxide and water into sugar. The analogy of a courier who "tries all doors at once" simplifies the essence: in reality, it's about superposition of states, where energy propagates wave-like through a network of pigments, interfering with itself and choosing the optimal path without thermal losses.

Feathered navigators have an inbuilt quantum compass from nature. Cryptochrome proteins in their eyes trigger a chemical reaction sensitive to Earth's magnetic field: under blue light, radical pairs form, whose spin states depend on the field's direction. This information is apparently "highlighted" in the bird's visual perception, allowing it to cross oceans without error. Such a magnetoreceptor works even in the noisy cellular environment, where thermal fluctuations would seemingly destroy quantum effects.

Studying these tricks with spectroscopy, scientists peer into the heart of living quantum logistics: ultrafast laser pulses allow tracking energy migration pathways and detecting quantum coherence lasting hundreds of femtoseconds. The surprising twist: these processes work in warm, noisy cells, not in supercooled laboratories. Mimicking nature's hacks, engineers are already designing more efficient solar cells and next-generation ultrasensitive sensors.

In an experiment with green bacteria, energy reached its target in 50 femtoseconds — a hundred thousand times faster than light takes to cross a human hair.

It resembles living quantum processors from science fiction worlds — only created by millions of years of evolution.

Scientists
Christian DopplerD. B. McLaughlinDidier QuelozMichel MayorR. A. RossiterJames Clerk Maxwell
Concepts
quantum simulation of physical systems medicine drone magnetoreception navigation feedback Water computation energy transfer transition bioinformatics hybrid system hybrid approach chemotaxis photon efficiency photon energy coherent spectroscopy computer simulation microbial collective motion optical switch