Matthew C. Nixon

Meticulous 14-year observations of three 'cotton-candy' exoplanets in Kepler-51 yielded an unexpected surprise. The James Webb Space Telescope recorded the outermost known planet crossing the star's disk two hours ahead of schedule. The anomaly was only explained by adding an invisible fourth planet

A gas giant the size of Jupiter orbits the pulsar PSR J2322-2650b, heated to 1900°C. Its atmosphere is thick soot of carbon chains, not the usual water vapor. Carbon is a hundred times more abundant than oxygen compared to normal, and ten thousand times more than nitrogen. This doesn't fit the 'blac