A Black Hole's Corona Blazes Like the Sun's ⚡ экспресс
In the centers of active galaxies (AGN), the X-ray corona is a superhot plasma held by magnetic fields. For the first time, a flare from magnetic reconnection has been recorded in such a corona — just like on the Sun. In the galaxy NGC 3783, the "Neupert effect" was observed: energy transfers from accelerated particles (hard X-rays) to plasma heating (soft X-rays). A superfast gas outflow (UFO) was detected, analogous to a solar coronal mass ejection. The magnetic field was estimated: ~500 Gauss during reconnection and >13,000 Gauss of released energy. This confirms that magnetic mechanisms are universal — from the Sun to black holes.
The Sun's corona — that shining halo — sizzles at millions of degrees, even though the star's surface is hundreds of times cooler. It's boiled by constant ruptures of magnetic arcs. Like overstretched strings, magnetic field lines snap and reconnect, blasting out energy. That's magnetic reconnection in action.
The XRISM and XMM-Newton telescopes spotted an identical flare from a чёрной дыры in the галактике NGC 3783. The black hole produced a double pulse: first hard radiation (fast particles), then soft (heated gas). That two-step clue points to reconnection — and to the Солнце. On top of that, the hole hurled out a hypervelocity gas stream screaming along at tens of thousands of kilometers per second — a solar eruption analog, but billions of times more powerful.
The magnetic loop that sparked it turned out to be compact — no larger than a couple dozen black hole diameters across. That let astronomers estimate the field's strength: as it snapped, it was thousands of times stronger than Earth's. Nature pulls the same trick, from stars to supermassive black holes. Карл Шварцшильд first described the gravitational radius that made measuring these flares possible.
🎯 The Sun's corona is superheated to 1–3 million degrees, while its surface sits at just 5,500 °C. The reason? Constant snapping of magnetic arcs.