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Scientist

H. Dieter Zeh

1932–2018 · Quantum physics, fundamental questions of quantum mechanics

German physicist who first realized and formulated the concept of quantum decoherence as a natural mechanism for the transition from the quantum to the classical world. His early work went unnoticed but later became the foundation for understanding measurement in quantum mechanics and the development of quantum technologies.

Biography

He studied physics at the University of Heidelberg, where he worked for most of his life. His ideas about the role of the environment in quantum processes were decades ahead of their time.

Key discoveries

Concept of quantum decoherence — the destruction of quantum superpositions due to interaction with the environment. The connection between decoherence and the many-worlds interpretation of Everett. Analysis of irreversibility in quantum measurements.

💡 In 1970, Zeh wrote a paper on decoherence, but it went unnoticed; recognition came only decades later, when the idea became a cornerstone of quantum information science.

"He argued that the observer has no special role in quantum mechanics, and the key is the irreversibility of measurement caused by decoherence."

Related articles

Medical Physics2025-05-162 minarXiv:2505.11735

Dense Connections vs. Residual Paths: How DenseNet-121 Outperforms ResNet-50 in Brain Cancer Detection

A brain tissue slice is just 5 microns thick, twenty times thinner than a human hair. On such a slice, a pathologist looks for signs of a tumor: altered nuclear shapes, cell crowding, abnormal blood vessels. It is painstaking work, and two specialists can disagree on the same image.

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HEP Experiment2025-08-273 minarXiv:2508.20180

All tracks at once: how LHCb reads the birth of B mesons in full

In 2016, the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider recorded millions of proton-proton collisions. Among the debris of these collisions, neutral B mesons were born—particles that can spontaneously transform into their antiparticles and back.

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection

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Medical Physics2026-01-021 minarXiv:2601.00685express

Brain Radiation Therapy: One Click Instead of Manual Setup

When a tumor affects the entire brain, doctors irradiate the whole organ. It's a reliable method, but setting up the radiation is painstaking: you need to adjust parameters so the tumor gets the right dose while the eyes and lenses suffer as little as possible. A specialist typically spends about 15 minutes manually tweaking settings in the software.

Adnan Jafar·An Qin·Gavin Atkins·Xiaoyu Hu·Yin Gao·Xun Jia

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection deep learning in medical imaging medical image segmentation

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Machine Learning2026-01-111 minarXiv:2601.07035express

How MRI Predicts Chemotherapy Response in Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma, a brain tumor, is a tricky foe: in some patients, the drug temozolomide works, while in others it barely helps. The difference often lies in a small stretch of DNA — the MGMT gene. If this region is chemically switched off (methylated), the tumor is worse at repairing its cells, and the drug hits harder.

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Neurons and Cognition2026-01-161 minarXiv:2601.10912express

A Map of Brain Aging

The cerebral cortex is like a crumpled sheet of paper: it has thickness, curves, and folds of varying depth. With age, this sheet changes unevenly — thinning in some places, losing the sharpness of its folds in others. Previously, doctors assessed brain age as a whole, as if looking at the sheet from a distance.

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Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain brain cancer detection medical image segmentation

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Medical Physics2026-01-211 minarXiv:2601.14654express

A Crystal Keeps an Eye on the Proton Beam

Treating cancer with a proton beam is a bit like archery: you need to hit the bull's-eye without hitting anything else. Protons release their energy at the end of their path, so healthy tissues are largely spared. But to make the shot safe, every treatment plan is checked in advance — measuring the dose the tumor will get and what the surrounding organs will receive.

Hunter D. Ellis·Ajayvarman Mallapillai·Jared Miller·Imteaz Rahaman·Botong Li·Vikren Sarkar·Kai Fu

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection proton therapy

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Machine Learning2026-01-213 minarXiv:2601.15530express

Catching Alzheimer's Without a Poke

A detective is looking for a criminal in a file of mugshots, but the portraits are mixed up. Usually, they expect a man with a gray beard, but the culprit is young and clean-shaven. Similarly, doctors often fail to recognize Alzheimer's disease in those who show unusual symptoms — not memory loss, but problems with vision or speech.

Megan A. Witherow·Michael L. Evans·Ahmed Temtam·Hamid R. Okhravi·Khan M. Iftekharuddin

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection deep learning in medical imaging Weakly Supervised Learning medical image segmentation EEG seizure detection

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Computer Vision2026-01-242 minarXiv:2601.17504express

Brain Tumor on Scans: Where Certainty Ends

Brain tissue on a scan looks like a stormy sky: bright patches, dark hollows, blurred edges. The tumor hides among these patterns, and the doctor needs to outline its contour to plan surgery or radiation. One MRI mode highlights edema, another the tumor core, a third dead areas.

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Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection medical image segmentation deep learning in medical imaging Convolutional Neural Networks density matrix

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Medical Physics2026-01-261 minarXiv:2601.18219express

Diagnosis Without Lenses: Breast Cancer Seen Through Shadows

In a dark room, on a table, sit a laser pointer, a piece of glass with tissue, and an ordinary phone camera. Light passes through the sample, and the image shows not cells but a pattern of bright and dark stripes, like the shadow of leaves on a wall.

Che-Yung Shen·Xilin Yang·Yuzhu Li·Leon Lenk·Aydogan Ozcan

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Medical Physics2026-02-052 minarXiv:2602.06212express

Rays That Heal and Harm

When a person receives radiation for a tumor in the head or neck, the rays pass through healthy tissue as well. Sometimes the jawbone starts to die afterward — a severe complication called osteoradionecrosis. The question isn't whether it happens, but how much the radiation dose itself increases the risk.

Jingyuan Chen·Yunze Yang·Olivia M. Muller·Lei Zeng·Zhengliang Liu·Tianming Liu·Robert L Foote·Daniel J Ma·Samir H Patel·Zhong Liu·Wei Liu

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection deep learning in medical imaging

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q-bio.CB2026-02-082 minarXiv:2602.08008express

How tumor cells wander through the brain's maze

A brain tumor is like a traveler trudging through a dense forest: trees and bushes are the different types of brain tissue, some easier to traverse than others. Glioma cells don't move in a straight line; they constantly loop around, bumping into obstacles and going around them.

Martina Conte·Sandesh Hiremath·Christina Surulescu

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Statistical Mech2026-02-122 minarXiv:2602.11813express

How Cancer Chooses Its Path

A tumor doesn't stay put. Individual cells or whole groups break off and set off on a journey through the body. Some crawl solo, like scouts; others stick together, like a flock. Scientists built a computer model to understand how these cells pick a direction. In the model, cells respond to two signals.

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Chemical Physics2026-02-201 minarXiv:2602.18284express

Glowing Probe for Cancer Detection

Standard chemotherapy hits the whole body like carpet bombing: both cancerous and healthy cells suffer. Scientists are hunting for more precise weapons — molecules that light up when they slip into a cancer cell's DNA, revealing its location. Such glowing probes could help doctors spot tumors early and even destroy them with pinpoint accuracy, leaving neighboring tissue untouched.

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Medical Physics2026-02-241 minarXiv:2602.21354express

The Brain Under a Magnifying Glass: A Tomograph That Catches Every Detail

A camera that captures not your face but your brain itself — from the inside, layer by layer. Conventional tomographs often produce blurry images: fine details merge like letters on a fogged-up window. Engineers set out to build a device that sees clearly even what is smaller than a millimeter.

Yuemeng Feng·Lisa Blackberg·Arkadiusz Sitek·Hamid Sabet

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q-bio.QM2026-03-011 minarXiv:2603.02274express

Inside the Cell: How Cancer Dodges the Drug

A cancer cell is like a stubborn lock that changes its keys as you try to pick it. The drug acts as a lockpick, but the cell quickly finds a way to keep it out. In a new study, scientists built a computer model that mimics how cancer cells behave with various genetic glitches.

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cs.CE2026-03-202 minarXiv:2603.19829express

The Brain as Clay: Why It Shrinks in Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease begins quietly: deep in the brain, two proteins, tau and amyloid-beta, start to accumulate. They behave like weed seeds: one clump that appears causes neighboring cells to produce similar clumps. Gradually, the proteins spread along nerve fibers, like water through the capillaries of a paper towel, and invade new areas.

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Chemical Physics2026-03-201 minarXiv:2603.19912express

How to Find a Cancer Drug Among Millions of Molecules

Tumors grow fast, and oxygen inside them often runs short. Conventional drugs that need oxygen are powerless there. But some molecules work differently: they pull electrons from neighboring molecules and trigger a chain reaction that destroys cancer cells. Such molecules are called photosensitizers: they are activated by light.

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Biological Physics2026-03-211 minarXiv:2603.20764express

Artificial Intelligence Tracks Microbes

To avoid losing a fast soccer player in the frame, a drone doesn't need a bright beacon — recognizing the silhouette is enough. Similarly, a neural network now tracks microbes: the algorithm analyzes an ordinary microscope image and instantly finds a bacterium in a drop of water.

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Biological Physics2026-03-271 minarXiv:2603.26226express

The Ant Trap: When the Shortest Path Becomes a Roadblock

In urban planning, Braess's paradox is well known: adding a new road to a transport network can worsen traffic rather than ease it. For a long time, it was explained by the selfish behavior of drivers, each seeking personal gain. However, ant colonies, acting as a single coordinated superorganism without personal interests, exhibit the same trap.

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Machine Learning2026-03-272 minarXiv:2603.26994express

How T Cells Recognize the Enemy: A New Look at the Immune Passport

When a virus enters the body or a cancer cell appears, T cells, the immune system's fighters, take the stage. Each T cell has its own receptor, a lock-like molecule that searches for the right key: a piece of protein (peptide) on the surface of the diseased cell. If the key fits, the T cell activates and destroys the enemy.

Marco Garcia Noceda·Matthew T Noakes·Andrew FigPope·Daniel E Mattox·Bryan Howie·Harlan Robins

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh immunity antibody brain cancer detection deep learning in medical imaging molecular property prediction

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Neurons and Cognition2026-03-311 minarXiv:2603.29176express

A Virtual Brain Chooses the Right Treatment

The brain of a person with Parkinson's disease works like an orchestra where the conductor either freezes or waves the baton off-beat. Medications don't help everyone, so doctors turn to stimulation — weak electrical pulses that restore the rhythm.

Siyuan Du·Siyi Li·Shuwei Bai·Ang Li·Haolin Li·Mingqing Xiao·Yang Pan·Dongsheng Li·Weidi Xie·Yanfeng Wang·Ya Zhang·Chencheng Zhang·Jiangchao Yao

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection quantum-like models brain deep learning in medical imaging Weakly Supervised Learning

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Medical Physics2026-04-021 minarXiv:2604.02053express

A Radioactive Glowing Marker for Targeted Therapy

The radioactive isotope terbium-149 acts like a tiny homing bomb: it latches onto cancer cells and detonates with alpha particles that destroy the tumor from within, barely touching healthy tissue. But this bomb has a quirk: it also glows with positrons, and that glow can be captured by a special camera.

Lorenzo Mercolli·Pascal V. Grundler·Anzhelika N. Moiseeva·Lars Eggimann·Saverio Braccini·Nicholas P. van der Meulen

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Medical Physics2026-04-032 minarXiv:2604.03431express

A Fluorescent Flashlight for Surgeons

In the operating room, the surgeon illuminates the tumor with a special agent that makes it glow. But how do you know whether it glows brightly because there are many cancer cells or simply because it lies close to the surface?

Yucheng Bian·Sebastien Ourselin·Yijing Xie

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection medical image segmentation deep learning in medical imaging optical microscopy Convolutional Neural Networks

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Computer Vision2026-04-042 minarXiv:2604.03710express

How Graphs Find Melanoma on Your Skin

A mole on your skin looks like a mosaic of colored pieces. Each piece is a small patch of the image where color and texture barely change. Such pieces are called superpixels. If you connect them with lines, you get a network that looks like a subway map: stations are the pieces, and lines are the connections between them. The weight of each line shows how strongly two pieces are related.

Asmaa M. Elwer·Muhammad A. Rushdi·Mahmoud H. Annaby

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection medical image segmentation Convolutional Neural Networks deep learning in medical imaging

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cs.MM2026-04-102 minarXiv:2604.14216express

How to Predict the Outcome of Brain Surgery

When medications fail to control epilepsy, doctors may suggest surgery: removing the brain region where seizures originate. But predicting whether it will help a particular person is tricky. Pre-surgery MRI scans show only the current state, not how the brain will change after the intervention. The new approach works like a librarian searching for similar medical histories.

Aizierjiang Aiersilan·Mohamad Koubeissi

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection EEG seizure detection deep learning in medical imaging

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Medical Physics2026-04-112 minarXiv:2604.10174express

Why the Brain Has a Weak Spot When It Comes to Radiation

When a person's brain tumor is irradiated, some of the energy also hits healthy cells. A few months later, MRI scans of some patients show bright spots — places where tissue has changed due to radiation. Doctors call them "radiation-induced contrast enhancements." These spots aren't always dangerous, but they show where the brain took the hardest hit.

Martina Palkowitsch·Larissa S. Kilian·Fabian Hennings·Armin Lühr·Justus Thiem·Arne Grey·Rebecca Bütof·Annekatrin Seidlitz·Esther G. C. Troost·Mechthild Krause·Steffen Löck

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection medical image segmentation deep learning in medical imaging

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q-bio.GN2026-04-182 minarXiv:2604.18621express

A Quantum Magnifier for Lung Cancer

Two nearly identical locks are opened by the same pick. They look alike on the outside, but inside the mechanisms differ. Much the same can be said for the two main types of non-small cell lung cancer — adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Under a microscope, they can be confused, yet they require different treatments. That's where the quantum "magnifier" comes in.

Mandeep Kaur Saggi·Amandeep Singh Bhatia·Humaira Gowher·Sabre Kais

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection quantum dot deep learning in medical imaging medical image segmentation ion channel

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Optics2026-04-231 minarXiv:2604.21636express

Microwaves Feel for the Edge of a Tumor

A surgeon removes a breast tumor, but how do you know no cancer cells are left at the edge? Right now, the tissue goes to a lab, and the answer comes back days later. If the margin is not clean, a second surgery is needed. The new method promises to give the answer right in the operating room, while the patient is still on the table.

Harry Penketh·Sonal Saxena·Michal Mrnka·Cameron P. Gallagher·Caitlin Lloyd·Diksha Garg·Christopher R. Lawrence·Nicholas E. Grant·John D. Murphy·David B. Phillips·Ian R. Hooper·Nick Stone·Euan Hendry

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection prostate MRI medical image segmentation optical microscopy deep learning in medical imaging

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Biological Physics2026-04-231 minarXiv:2604.22024express

Mitochondria in a Traffic Jam: How Shape Decides a Neuron's Fate

Inside every neuron, there's a long, thin channel, the axon, through which signals travel from the cell body to other cells. To keep this channel working, mitochondria constantly shuttle along it. These tiny organelles produce energy and move in both directions, like cars on a narrow road.

Patrick S. Noerr·Ahmed A. Abushawish·Gulcin Pekkurnaz·Padmini Rangamani

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Neurons and Cognition2026-04-242 minarXiv:2604.22275express

The Brain in Milliseconds: Catching Hidden Trauma

When a soccer player heads the ball, the brain inside the skull jiggles slightly, like jelly in a sealed jar. A single impact leaves no trace, but hundreds repeat over the years. Doctors struggle to tell when these jolts start to cause harm: standard brain scans look normal, and the person may feel perfectly healthy. Scientists have found another way to peek into such a brain.

Jiajia Li·Zhenzhen Yu·Zhenghao Fu·Guozheng Xu·Jian Song

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection brain deep learning in medical imaging EEG seizure detection

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Medical Physics2026-04-241 minarXiv:2604.22666express

Ultrasound Opens the Gates to the Brain

The brain is a fortress. It's protected by a dense layer of cells that only lets in what it needs. Drugs can't get through this barrier, which is why many brain diseases are so hard to treat. Scientists have found a way to crack the fortress gates. They built a device that sends focused ultrasound into the brain. Tiny gas bubbles are injected into the blood.

Sait Kilinc·Reza Pakdaman Zangabad·Victor Menezes·Hohyun Lee·Costas Arvanitis·Levent Degertekin

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection optical microscopy ion channel deep learning in medical imaging

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Computer Vision2026-04-251 minarXiv:2604.23137express

Two Eyes Are Better Than One: How a Neural Network Learns to See Tumors

A doctor studies a brain scan: somewhere in the tangle of tissue, a tumor is hiding. One glance picks out small spots and edges, another takes in the overall shape and location. A person combines both, but across hundreds of scans that gets tedious. A new program does the same thing automatically.

Syed Ibad Hasnain·Muhammad Faris·Hafiza Syeda Yusra Tirmizi·Rabail Khowaja·Hafsa Israr

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection deep learning in medical imaging medical image segmentation Convolutional Neural Networks computer vision

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q-bio.GN2026-04-261 minarXiv:2604.23679express

Tongue Cancer: How a Scan Reveals the Tumor's Personality

A tongue tumor is like a stranger in a crowd. On the surface, they all look much alike, but beneath the surface hide very different personalities. Some tumors behave aggressively, others grow slowly. Doctors need to understand who they're dealing with before surgery. Usually, this means taking a tissue sample — a biopsy.

Hao Pan·Peipei Wang·Yajie Chang·Bingyi Lu·Yunyan Jiang·Mengfan Wang·Xinyue Wang·Xinrou Yang·Jiyuan Zhang·Yu Liu·Andrei Velichko·Yuanjun Wang

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection medical image segmentation deep learning in medical imaging

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Medical Physics2026-04-272 minarXiv:2604.24417express

Electrons at Light Speed Against Brain Tumors

A garden hose shoots a thin, powerful jet. If you sweep it across the yard, you can water the whole bed without flooding the path. That's roughly how the new approach to treating deep tumors works: instead of a broad radiation field, you take a narrow beam of electrons accelerated to nearly the speed of light and scan it across the tumor like a jet of water.

Leonida A. Gizzi·Damiano Del Sarto·Federico Avella·Gabriele Bandini·Simona Piccinini·Daniele Panetta·Davide Terzani·Luca Labate

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh brain cancer detection medical image segmentation

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q-bio.QM2026-04-302 minarXiv:2605.00272express

The Protein of Forgetfulness: How Math Catches an Invisible Foe

Mold on bread: a spot today, half a loaf tomorrow. That's roughly how amyloid-beta spreads through the brain — a sticky protein that clumps up in Alzheimer's disease and disrupts neuron function.

Zheyu Wen·George Biros

Rashid Alievich Sunyaev H. Dieter Zeh Weakly Supervised Learning brain cancer detection Large Language Models deep learning in medical imaging evidential neural networks

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cs.CE2026-05-012 minarXiv:2605.00730express

How the Brain Takes Out the Trash: A Map of Flows

Imagine a river that doesn't flow in an open channel but through the inside of a sponge, with its currents shifting from place to place. That's a good way to think about the brain's glymphatic system: a network of ultra-fine channels around blood vessels, through which cerebrospinal fluid seeps into the tissue and washes away the waste that has piled up during the day.

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q-bio.TO2026-05-012 minarXiv:2605.01083express

How a Cell Transplant Can Set the Heart's Pace

After a heart attack, the dead section of heart muscle can be replaced with living cells grown from stem cells. But a common problem arises: the fresh transplant starts acting as its own pacemaker, and the heart falls out of its proper rhythm. Doctors see the arrhythmia on an ECG, but what exactly happens at the junction between 'self' and 'foreign' remains hidden.

Suran Galappaththige·Vadim N Biktashev·Faisal J Alibhai·Michael Laflamme

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Medical Physics2026-05-031 minarXiv:2605.01918express

Water Exchange in Tumors: What MRI Can Reveal

Imagine a water park with many pools connected by narrow passages. Visitors, water molecules, splash around in each pool, but occasionally move to the next one. In a brain tumor, these "passages" are protein channels in cell membranes. Their abundance determines how quickly water moves between cells.

Arthur Chakwizira·Filip Szczepankiewicz·Carl-Fredrik Westin·Linda Knutsson·Pia C Sundgren·Markus Nilsson

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Signal Processing2026-05-201 minarXiv:2605.21350express

Radar Instead of a Scanner: How Antennas Hunt Tumors

When you need to see inside the brain, you usually lie in a tight tube of an MRI scanner or get zapped with X-rays. Both methods are costly, bulky, and not always available.

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Physics and Society2026-05-222 minarXiv:2605.23766express

The City as an Organism: What Nature Can Teach Us About Transport Planning

A city is a living system: it consumes resources, produces waste, and its 'circulatory system'—the road network — delivers people and goods to their destinations. But while engineers design transport arteries as rigid geometry of straight lines, nature has spent millions of years perfecting ideal distribution networks.

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