Machine learning with a statistical or theoretical grounding: supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised learning, graphical models, reinforcement learning, bandits, high dimensional inference.
Inside language models like LLaMA lie tangled patterns, their strength depending on the training method. But to an outside observer, the model always yields the same result—much like a black hole that 'forgets' every detail of the matter it swallows. This explains why simple fine-tuning methods are