Klaus von Klitzing was born on 28 June 1943 in Schrotta, Germany (now Poland). He studied physics at the Technical University of Braunschweig and received his doctorate from the University of Würzburg. He worked at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) and at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, where he later became director. In 1980, while conducting experiments with silicon MOSFETs, he discovered the quantization of the Hall resistance. For this discovery he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1985. He continues to be active in research and teaching.
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